SMON โ€“ System Monitor Process

Article Summary

The Silent Healer of Your Database ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ ๐Ÿง  What Is SMON?The System Monitor Process (SMON) is a background process that quietly handles critical recovery and cleanup tasks to keep your Oracle Database running smoothly and consistently. Think of SMON as the databaseโ€™s janitor and doctor โ€” it keeps things clean, consistent, and recovers whatโ€™s broken. […]

The Silent Healer of Your Database ๐Ÿ› ๏ธ

๐Ÿง  What Is SMON?
The System Monitor Process (SMON) is a background process that quietly handles critical recovery and cleanup tasks to keep your Oracle Database running smoothly and consistently.

Think of SMON as the databaseโ€™s janitor and doctor โ€” it keeps things clean, consistent, and recovers whatโ€™s broken.

๐Ÿ” What SMON Does

TaskDescription
๐Ÿงน Undo CleanupShrinks undo segments based on usage; rolls back large, terminated transactions. Can use parallel query slaves for efficiency.
๐Ÿงพ Data Dictionary CleanupFixes inconsistent or transient metadata states in the system catalog.
โฑ๏ธ SCN-Time MappingMaintains a table mapping System Change Numbers (SCN) to timestamps โ€” critical for Flashback queries.
โค๏ธ Error ResilienceCan recover from internal and external errors during background tasks without failing.
๐Ÿง‘โ€๐Ÿคโ€๐Ÿง‘ Oracle RAC RecoveryIn RAC setups, SMON from one instance can recover failed instances.

โš™๏ธ Where SMON Runs

  • ๐Ÿ–ฅ๏ธ As a Thread or OS Process โ€“ Depends on platform and configuration.
  • ๐Ÿงฉ On Oracle RAC Instances โ€“ Performs cross-instance recovery as needed.

๐Ÿ’ก DBA Tip of the Day

SMON is always working in the background โ€” but you can monitor undo space and rollback activity using views like V$UNDOSTAT and DBA_HIST_UNDOSTAT to help SMON do its job more efficiently.

Was this helpful?