How to Create an Oracle Directory for Export/Import

In Oracle, a directory object is essential for managing file storage and retrieval during export and import operations, particularly with Oracle Data Pump utilities (expdp and impdp). A directory object serves as a reference to a filesystem directory on the server.

Why Do We Need a Directory?

Directory objects are critical for several reasons:

• Secure Access: Oracle Database securely accesses the filesystem, preventing arbitrary access.
• Controlled Permissions: Manage and restrict access for specific directories during Data Pump operations.

Steps to Create a Directory for Oracle Export/Import

Follow these steps to create a directory for Oracle Export/Import operations:

1. Create a Physical Directory on the Server

Start by creating a physical directory on the server where Oracle can store export/import files:

mkdir /path/to/directory

2. Set Directory Permissions

Ensure the Oracle user has the required read and write permissions:

chown oracle:oinstall /path/to/directory
chmod 755 /path/to/directory

3. Create a Directory Object in the Database

Use the CREATE DIRECTORY command to create the directory object in the Oracle Database:

CREATE DIRECTORY directory_name AS '/path/to/directory';

4. Grant Permissions on the Directory Object

Grant appropriate permissions on the directory object for users performing export/import operations:

GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY directory_name TO username;

You can also grant permissions to specific users, such as SYS or PUBLIC, as needed:

GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY directory_name TO SYS, PUBLIC;

Important Notes

• Naming: Use meaningful names for directory objects to maintain clarity.
• Permissions: Always adjust filesystem and database permissions based on security policies.
• Access: Ensure that the physical directory is accessible and remains consistent throughout export/import operations.

Conclusion

Creating a directory for Oracle export/import is an essential step for secure and efficient Data Pump operations. By following these steps, you can streamline your export/import workflows while maintaining high levels of security and control.